Guia Completo de Contrações (Contractions)

Contrações são uma parte fundamental do inglês falado e escrito informal. Elas combinam duas palavras (geralmente um pronome/substantivo e um verbo auxiliar, ou um verbo auxiliar e "not") em uma só, usando um apóstrofo (') para marcar onde as letras foram removidas.

1. Contrações com Verbo "To Be" (am, is, are)

• I am → I'm (Ex: I'm happy.)
• You are → You're (Ex: You're late.)
• He is → He's (Ex: He's a doctor.)
• She is → She's (Ex: She's smart.)
• It is → It's (Ex: It's raining.)
• We are → We're (Ex: We're friends.)
• They are → They're (Ex: They're coming.)

2. Contrações com "Not" (Negativas)

• is not → isn't (Ex: He isn't here.)
• are not → aren't (Ex: They aren't ready.)
• was not → wasn't (Ex: It wasn't easy.)
• were not → weren't (Ex: You weren't listening.)
• do not → don't (Ex: I don't know.)
• does not → doesn't (Ex: She doesn't like it.)
• did not → didn't (Ex: We didn't go.)
• have not → haven't (Ex: I haven't finished.)
• has not → hasn't (Ex: He hasn't called.)
• had not → hadn't (Ex: They hadn't seen it.)
• cannot → can't (Ex: You can't park here.)
• could not → couldn't (Ex: I couldn't sleep.)
• should not → shouldn't (Ex: You shouldn't do that.)
• will not → won't (Ex: I won't be late.)
• would not → wouldn't (Ex: She wouldn't help.)
• shall not → shan't (Ex: I shan't be long. - *Mais formal/antigo, comum no Reino Unido*)

3. Contrações com "Will", "Would" e "Had"

• I will → I'll (Ex: I'll see you tomorrow.)
• You will → You'll (Ex: You'll be fine.)
• He / She / It will → He'll / She'll / It'll (Ex: It'll be cold.)
• We / They will → We'll / They'll (Ex: They'll arrive soon.)
• I would / I had → I'd (Ex: I'd like some tea. [would] / I'd already left. [had])
• You would / You had → You'd (Ex: You'd better hurry. [had])

4. Contrações com "Have" e "Has" (Present Perfect)

• I have → I've (Ex: I've seen that movie.)
• You have → You've (Ex: You've changed.)
• He has → He's (Ex: He's gone home. - *Cuidado: igual a "He is"*)
• She has → She's (Ex: She's finished the test. - *Cuidado: igual a "She is"*)

5. Cuidado: Contrações vs. Palavras Similares (Armadilhas)

Este é o erro mais comum! O apóstrofo nas contrações sempre indica letras faltando, não posse.

Contração (com apóstrofo)	Significado	Palavra Similar (sem apóstrofo)	Significado
It's	It is / It has (It's cold.)	Its	Possessivo (The cat hurt its paw.)
You're	You are (You're welcome.)	Your	Possessivo (Is this your book?)
They're	They are (They're late.)	Their / There	Possessivo / Lugar (It's their house. / Look over there.)
Who's	Who is / Who has (Who's at the door?)	Whose	Possessivo (Whose car is this?)